Observations¶

A variety of observational datasets are used within MPAS-Analysis:

Ocean Observations¶

Observational Dataset	Source	References
SST merged Hadley Center-NOAA/OI data set	NCAR Hadley-NOAA/OI SST website	Hurrell et al. (2008)
SSS from NASA Aquarius satellite	NASA Aquarius Website	Lagerloef et al. (2015)
AVISO Absolute Dynamic Topography	NASA JPL AVISO website	AVISO: Sea Surface Height above Geoid
Argo Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) climatology	UCSD Mixed Layer Website	Holte et al. (2017) Holte and Talley (2009) de Boyer Montegut et al. (2004)
Meridional Heat Transport (MHT)	Data available upon request from Dr. Kevin Trenberth	Trenberth and Caron (2001)
Roemmich-Gilson Argo Climatology	Scripps Roemmich-Gilson Argo Website	Roemmich and Gilson (2009)
SOSE potential temperature and salinity	SOSE Website at UCSD	Mazloff et al. (2010)
Antarctic melt rates and fluxes	Ice-Shelf Melting Around Antarctica	Rignot et al. (2013)
HadISST Nino 3.4 Index	NCAR Hadley-NOAA/OI SST website	Hurrell et al. (2008)
ERS SSTv4 Nino 3.4 Index	NOAA ERSST v4 website	Huang et al. (2014) Liu et al. (2014) Huang et al. (2015)
Antarctic Seafloor Temperature and Salinity	ASCII data file	Schmidtko et al. (2014)

Observational Dataset	Source	References
Ice concentration: SSM/I, NASATeam algorithm	NSIDC NASATeam Website	Cavalieri et al. (1996)
Ice concentration: SSM/I, Bootstrap algorithm	NSIDC Bootstrap Website	Comiso (2017)
Ice area and extent time series: SSM/I derived	NASA Ice area and extent website	Cavalieri et al. (1999) Cavalieri et al. (2012) Cavalieri and Parkinson (2012) Parkinson et al. (1999) Parkinson and Cavalieri (2012) Zwally et al. (2002)
IceSat Ice Thickness	NASA: Arctic Sea Ice Freeboard and Thickness	Yi and Zwally (2009)
PIOMAS Arctic Sea Ice Volume Reanalysis	PIOMAS website	Schweiger et al. (2011) Zhang and Rothrock (2003)