Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 4.82
CanESM5 [-] 4.84 0.112 4.40 6.05 0.973 0.346 7.41e-05 0.417
E3SMv3 default [-] 5.77 0.945 3.44 1.02 0.757 0.370 0.870 0.592
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 6.39 1.57 3.60 1.02 0.651 0.382 0.870 0.571
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 6.44 1.62 3.32 0.508 0.646 0.421 0.966 0.613
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 3.89 -0.934 3.07 1.02 0.768 0.413 0.933 0.632
MIROC-ES2L [-] 5.69 0.970 3.92 1.02 0.792 0.392 0.933 0.627
NorESM2-LM [-] 2.73 -2.09 3.83 2.52 0.525 0.392 0.545 0.463
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.62 -2.20 4.05 3.02 0.509 0.370 0.511 0.440
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 5.11
CanESM5 [-] 8.15 3.05 5.59 0.00 0.347 0.206 1.00 0.440
E3SMv3 default [-] 6.56 1.45 3.61 1.02 0.604 0.319 0.933 0.543
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 6.48 1.37 3.20 1.02 0.621 0.364 0.933 0.570
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 7.08 1.97 4.14 1.02 0.504 0.285 0.933 0.502
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 9.02 3.91 6.42 1.02 0.257 0.159 0.933 0.377
MIROC-ES2L [-] 4.94 -0.165 3.47 0.00 0.944 0.300 1.00 0.636
NorESM2-LM [-] 7.47 2.37 5.52 0.00 0.439 0.187 1.00 0.454
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 6.27 1.16 3.66 1.02 0.668 0.301 0.933 0.550
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 2.16
CanESM5 [-] 2.25 0.0853 2.15 1.66 0.663 0.326 0.754 0.517
E3SMv3 default [-] 2.51 0.344 1.83 1.51 0.679 0.402 0.773 0.564
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 2.60 0.435 1.86 1.61 0.656 0.401 0.743 0.550
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 2.51 0.345 1.84 1.63 0.679 0.399 0.715 0.548
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.79 0.628 2.44 1.79 0.629 0.312 0.709 0.491
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.66 0.496 2.09 1.77 0.674 0.335 0.718 0.515
NorESM2-LM [-] 2.15 -0.00943 2.16 1.95 0.686 0.315 0.684 0.500
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.28 0.113 2.21 2.10 0.698 0.302 0.646 0.487
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 1.46
CanESM5 [-] 1.86 0.400 1.40 2.09 0.694 0.293 0.639 0.480
E3SMv3 default [-] 1.91 0.455 1.17 1.32 0.667 0.393 0.792 0.561
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 1.98 0.523 1.21 1.52 0.646 0.387 0.735 0.539
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 1.81 0.353 1.15 1.84 0.705 0.387 0.684 0.541
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.08 0.626 1.64 1.89 0.619 0.264 0.656 0.451
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.13 0.677 1.47 1.40 0.586 0.306 0.782 0.495
NorESM2-LM [-] 1.83 0.372 1.38 2.27 0.701 0.288 0.551 0.457
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 1.87 0.409 1.45 2.33 0.701 0.273 0.561 0.452
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 6.63
CanESM5 [-] 2.27 -4.36 6.11 0.678 0.331 0.359 0.946 0.499
E3SMv3 default [-] 5.60 -1.03 4.77 1.02 0.579 0.361 0.933 0.558
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 5.24 -1.38 4.77 1.02 0.582 0.357 0.933 0.557
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 3.71 -2.92 5.17 3.02 0.488 0.365 0.547 0.441
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 5.66 -0.974 4.41 1.02 0.569 0.423 0.933 0.587
MIROC-ES2L [-] 6.41 -0.216 4.21 0.339 0.707 0.377 0.971 0.608
NorESM2-LM [-] 4.13 -2.50 6.13 0.678 0.485 0.274 0.946 0.495
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 4.23 -2.40 5.72 3.02 0.521 0.287 0.547 0.410
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 2.00
CanESM5 [-] 2.16 0.149 1.95 1.67 0.660 0.307 0.765 0.510
E3SMv3 default [-] 2.41 0.410 1.69 1.53 0.670 0.385 0.792 0.558
E3SMv3 highECS [-] 2.51 0.510 1.73 1.66 0.646 0.384 0.748 0.540
E3SMv3 lowECS [-] 2.38 0.384 1.69 1.61 0.686 0.378 0.733 0.544
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.68 0.688 2.30 1.88 0.610 0.282 0.679 0.463
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.59 0.575 1.95 1.76 0.653 0.310 0.713 0.497
NorESM2-LM [-] 1.96 -0.0358 1.90 2.08 0.696 0.306 0.652 0.490
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.20 0.203 2.05 2.22 0.712 0.275 0.631 0.473

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
Data not available
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MODEL MEAN
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BIAS
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BIAS SCORE
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RMSE
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RMSE SCORE
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BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
Data not available
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MODEL MAX MONTH
Data not available
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DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
Data not available
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
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Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM5
Data not available
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E3SMv3 default
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 highECS
Data not available
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E3SMv3 lowECS
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM6A-LR
Data not available
Data not available
MIROC-ES2L
Data not available
Data not available
NorESM2-LM
Data not available
Data not available
UKESM1-0-LL
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:
2015

  Institutions:
FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  History:
Mon Oct 6 14:06:00 2025: ncatted -a coordinates,pr,c,c,lat lon /home/nate/.cache/ilamb3/0.1/pr/FLUXNET2015/pr.nc

  References:
Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:
Fluxnet variable(s) used: P_F

  Nco:
netCDF Operators version 5.3.3 (Homepage = http://nco.sf.net, Code = http://github.com/nco/nco, Citation = 10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.004)