Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 92.3
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 140. 47.7 51.3 0.00 0.160 0.439 1.00 0.509
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 140. 47.7 53.9 0.00 0.159 0.385 1.00 0.482
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 140. 47.5 52.3 0.492 0.162 0.443 0.968 0.504
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 140. 47.7 48.9 0.508 0.163 0.432 0.966 0.498
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 140. 48.2 53.4 0.00 0.159 0.393 1.00 0.486
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 140. 47.9 52.6 1.00 0.161 0.393 0.935 0.471
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 140. 48.2 51.7 0.492 0.158 0.388 0.968 0.476
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 140. 47.5 50.5 0.492 0.163 0.448 0.968 0.507
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 139. 46.7 52.9 0.00 0.164 0.412 1.00 0.497
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 140. 47.5 50.9 0.00 0.162 0.454 1.00 0.518
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 140. 47.6 50.7 0.00 0.161 0.442 1.00 0.511
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 141. 48.6 51.1 0.00 0.156 0.441 1.00 0.509
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 140. 48.1 50.9 0.00 0.160 0.398 1.00 0.489
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 140. 48.1 53.5 1.00 0.160 0.376 0.935 0.462
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 140. 47.3 51.5 0.492 0.163 0.422 0.968 0.494
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 140. 47.4 52.4 0.492 0.163 0.428 0.968 0.497
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 140. 47.7 49.1 0.508 0.161 0.478 0.966 0.521
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 141. 48.3 52.4 0.492 0.158 0.406 0.968 0.485
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 140. 48.1 51.8 0.00 0.158 0.410 1.00 0.495
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 140. 48.0 51.7 0.492 0.156 0.381 0.968 0.472
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 140. 47.8 51.5 0.00 0.162 0.450 1.00 0.516
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 141. 48.8 50.3 0.508 0.152 0.433 0.966 0.496
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 140. 48.0 50.6 0.00 0.161 0.412 1.00 0.496
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 140. 48.1 52.3 0.00 0.151 0.400 1.00 0.488
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 140. 47.4 50.0 1.00 0.163 0.429 0.935 0.489
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 144.
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 144. -0.663 22.8 1.02 0.953 0.191 0.933 0.567
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 146. 1.48 21.3 2.00 0.898 0.215 0.756 0.521
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 144. 0.0309 22.1 1.02 0.998 0.200 0.933 0.583
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 145. 0.575 20.7 1.02 0.959 0.222 0.933 0.584
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 144. -0.436 19.8 1.02 0.969 0.236 0.933 0.593
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 147. 2.72 19.7 1.02 0.820 0.239 0.933 0.558
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 147. 2.49 19.6 1.02 0.834 0.240 0.933 0.562
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 145. 0.852 22.1 1.02 0.940 0.200 0.933 0.568
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 145. 0.598 19.9 1.02 0.957 0.235 0.933 0.590
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 144. -0.251 21.7 1.02 0.982 0.206 0.933 0.581
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 146. 1.49 21.5 1.02 0.897 0.214 0.933 0.564
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 146. 1.94 18.5 1.02 0.868 0.263 0.933 0.581
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 146. 1.37 20.6 1.02 0.905 0.224 0.933 0.571
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 145. 1.04 19.7 1.02 0.927 0.238 0.933 0.584
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 145. 0.359 19.2 1.02 0.974 0.247 0.933 0.600
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 146. 1.44 20.0 1.02 0.900 0.236 0.933 0.576
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 146. 2.04 20.7 1.02 0.862 0.227 0.933 0.562
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 146. 2.00 21.6 1.02 0.865 0.209 0.933 0.554
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 146. 1.52 22.3 1.02 0.895 0.197 0.933 0.556
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 145. 0.675 20.6 1.02 0.952 0.224 0.933 0.583
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 145. 0.732 20.9 1.02 0.948 0.221 0.933 0.581
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 145. 0.731 19.6 2.00 0.948 0.240 0.756 0.546
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 146. 1.39 20.4 1.02 0.904 0.227 0.933 0.572
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 145. 1.15 21.5 1.02 0.920 0.208 0.933 0.567
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 144. -0.392 19.8 1.02 0.972 0.237 0.933 0.594
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 87.4
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 84.0 -3.20 22.8 0.490 0.775 0.677 0.956 0.771
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 83.8 -3.46 22.8 0.516 0.776 0.673 0.955 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 83.8 -3.47 22.6 0.516 0.777 0.675 0.953 0.770
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 83.8 -3.40 22.8 0.552 0.775 0.675 0.953 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 83.8 -3.49 22.8 0.521 0.775 0.676 0.953 0.770
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 84.1 -3.19 22.7 0.552 0.774 0.676 0.950 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 83.9 -3.35 22.7 0.537 0.776 0.674 0.952 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 83.8 -3.46 22.4 0.490 0.777 0.680 0.958 0.773
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 84.0 -3.30 22.7 0.501 0.777 0.676 0.957 0.772
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 83.6 -3.67 23.1 0.516 0.776 0.675 0.953 0.770
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 84.0 -3.27 22.9 0.506 0.775 0.676 0.957 0.771
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 84.2 -3.03 22.7 0.501 0.775 0.676 0.955 0.771
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 83.8 -3.43 22.7 0.485 0.775 0.677 0.958 0.772
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 83.8 -3.42 22.7 0.563 0.775 0.676 0.950 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 83.7 -3.58 23.0 0.557 0.776 0.676 0.950 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 83.9 -3.31 22.4 0.516 0.776 0.681 0.954 0.773
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 83.9 -3.36 23.0 0.542 0.775 0.675 0.953 0.769
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 83.4 -3.84 22.7 0.511 0.776 0.676 0.955 0.771
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 83.9 -3.33 22.7 0.475 0.774 0.677 0.958 0.772
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 83.8 -3.41 22.8 0.490 0.775 0.675 0.958 0.771
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 84.0 -3.27 22.9 0.578 0.776 0.674 0.949 0.768
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 84.0 -3.23 22.4 0.506 0.775 0.679 0.954 0.772
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 83.6 -3.63 22.6 0.537 0.776 0.679 0.955 0.772
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 83.8 -3.41 23.0 0.552 0.774 0.674 0.952 0.768
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 84.2 -3.04 22.8 0.510 0.777 0.675 0.955 0.771
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 54.7
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 52.0 -1.75 19.2 0.224 0.857 0.707 0.983 0.814
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 51.5 -2.28 18.6 0.346 0.856 0.711 0.975 0.813
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 51.6 -2.13 19.2 0.285 0.858 0.705 0.979 0.812
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 51.6 -2.14 19.0 0.326 0.858 0.709 0.976 0.813
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 51.5 -2.28 18.7 0.244 0.857 0.711 0.981 0.815
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 51.8 -2.01 19.2 0.244 0.855 0.707 0.981 0.813
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 51.9 -1.84 18.8 0.346 0.856 0.711 0.975 0.813
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 51.6 -2.21 18.7 0.244 0.856 0.713 0.981 0.816
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 51.7 -2.11 18.6 0.346 0.855 0.714 0.975 0.815
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 51.4 -2.35 19.6 0.285 0.856 0.706 0.979 0.811
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 52.0 -1.73 19.1 0.346 0.855 0.704 0.975 0.809
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 52.2 -1.61 19.3 0.244 0.855 0.707 0.981 0.812
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 51.8 -1.99 19.2 0.244 0.854 0.709 0.981 0.813
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 51.5 -2.29 19.0 0.448 0.855 0.711 0.966 0.811
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 51.2 -2.54 19.3 0.346 0.858 0.707 0.975 0.812
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 51.4 -2.35 18.6 0.346 0.859 0.715 0.975 0.816
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 51.6 -2.16 19.6 0.326 0.856 0.700 0.976 0.808
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 50.9 -2.87 18.7 0.224 0.858 0.713 0.983 0.817
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 51.4 -2.37 19.1 0.244 0.858 0.709 0.981 0.814
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 51.7 -2.08 19.5 0.285 0.857 0.705 0.979 0.811
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 51.8 -1.96 19.6 0.346 0.858 0.701 0.975 0.809
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 51.8 -2.00 18.8 0.244 0.856 0.710 0.981 0.814
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 51.5 -2.28 18.8 0.346 0.859 0.715 0.975 0.816
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 51.8 -1.96 19.4 0.326 0.857 0.704 0.976 0.810
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 51.9 -1.87 19.2 0.346 0.857 0.704 0.975 0.810
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 133.
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 155. 22.0 28.5 0.339 0.371 0.466 0.978 0.570
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 155. 21.6 29.8 0.339 0.389 0.416 0.978 0.550
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 155. 21.2 29.1 0.339 0.388 0.433 0.978 0.558
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 155. 22.1 30.2 0.339 0.372 0.420 0.978 0.548
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 154. 20.8 29.4 0.339 0.389 0.442 0.978 0.563
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 156. 22.6 30.3 0.339 0.365 0.433 0.978 0.552
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 155. 22.2 29.4 0.339 0.381 0.427 0.978 0.553
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 154. 20.6 28.0 0.339 0.400 0.454 0.978 0.571
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 154. 21.0 28.4 0.339 0.397 0.454 0.978 0.571
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 154. 20.6 28.7 0.339 0.404 0.472 0.978 0.582
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 155. 21.9 29.7 0.339 0.378 0.443 0.978 0.560
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 153. 19.7 27.3 0.339 0.414 0.417 0.978 0.556
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 156. 22.3 30.2 0.339 0.370 0.463 0.978 0.569
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 154. 21.1 30.5 0.339 0.401 0.399 0.978 0.544
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 155. 21.6 28.2 0.339 0.387 0.450 0.978 0.566
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 155. 21.9 29.1 0.339 0.379 0.422 0.978 0.550
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 155. 21.3 28.5 0.339 0.392 0.441 0.978 0.563
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 154. 20.6 30.5 0.339 0.403 0.397 0.978 0.543
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 155. 21.9 28.6 0.339 0.387 0.422 0.978 0.552
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 155. 21.6 28.7 0.339 0.380 0.455 0.978 0.567
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 154. 21.2 28.0 0.339 0.380 0.464 0.978 0.571
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 155. 21.3 28.3 0.339 0.389 0.445 0.978 0.564
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 155. 21.2 29.2 0.339 0.396 0.437 0.978 0.562
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 155. 21.9 29.8 0.339 0.385 0.427 0.978 0.554
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 155. 21.3 29.6 0.339 0.375 0.416 0.978 0.546
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]
Bias [W m-2]
RMSE [W m-2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 81.9
E3SMv3 default 0051 [-] 76.3 -5.76 21.8 0.371 0.810 0.712 0.972 0.801
E3SMv3 default 0091 [-] 75.8 -6.22 21.6 0.407 0.810 0.713 0.971 0.802
E3SMv3 default 0101 [-] 75.9 -6.15 21.4 0.385 0.811 0.714 0.972 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0111 [-] 76.0 -6.06 21.7 0.450 0.809 0.711 0.967 0.800
E3SMv3 default 0121 [-] 75.9 -6.14 21.8 0.400 0.809 0.714 0.971 0.802
E3SMv3 default 0131 [-] 76.3 -5.80 21.7 0.414 0.810 0.714 0.969 0.801
E3SMv3 default 0141 [-] 76.0 -6.07 21.8 0.421 0.810 0.709 0.970 0.800
E3SMv3 default 0151 [-] 76.0 -6.05 21.4 0.392 0.811 0.716 0.972 0.804
E3SMv3 default 0161 [-] 76.2 -5.89 21.9 0.400 0.811 0.712 0.971 0.802
E3SMv3 default 0171 [-] 75.7 -6.39 22.1 0.378 0.809 0.711 0.973 0.801
E3SMv3 default 0181 [-] 76.2 -5.87 21.8 0.421 0.809 0.714 0.969 0.801
E3SMv3 default 0191 [-] 76.4 -5.64 21.6 0.378 0.810 0.715 0.973 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0201 [-] 76.2 -5.92 21.5 0.378 0.810 0.715 0.973 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0211 [-] 76.1 -6.01 21.6 0.436 0.809 0.715 0.968 0.802
E3SMv3 default 0221 [-] 75.9 -6.16 22.1 0.443 0.810 0.711 0.967 0.800
E3SMv3 default 0231 [-] 76.1 -6.00 21.4 0.378 0.812 0.716 0.973 0.804
E3SMv3 default 0241 [-] 76.0 -6.03 22.2 0.407 0.809 0.709 0.971 0.799
E3SMv3 default 0251 [-] 75.5 -6.58 21.6 0.371 0.809 0.714 0.973 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0261 [-] 76.1 -5.99 21.7 0.356 0.809 0.714 0.974 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0271 [-] 75.9 -6.14 21.6 0.342 0.810 0.713 0.975 0.803
E3SMv3 default 0281 [-] 76.3 -5.76 21.9 0.487 0.810 0.710 0.963 0.799
E3SMv3 default 0291 [-] 76.3 -5.80 21.3 0.363 0.811 0.718 0.974 0.805
E3SMv3 default 0301 [-] 75.7 -6.35 21.6 0.458 0.810 0.716 0.967 0.802
E3SMv3 default 0311 [-] 76.0 -6.05 21.9 0.429 0.809 0.710 0.969 0.800
E3SMv3 default 0321 [-] 76.4 -5.68 21.8 0.407 0.811 0.713 0.971 0.802

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
Data not available
Data not available
MODEL MEAN
Data not available
Data not available
BIAS
Data not available
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BIAS SCORE
Data not available
Data not available
RMSE
Data not available
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RMSE SCORE
Data not available
Data not available
BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
Data not available
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MODEL MAX MONTH
Data not available
Data not available
DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
Data not available
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
Data not available
Data not available

Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0051
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0091
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0101
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0111
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0121
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0131
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0141
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0151
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0161
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0171
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0181
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0191
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0201
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0211
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0221
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0231
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0241
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0251
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0261
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0271
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0281
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0291
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0301
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0311
Data not available
Data not available
E3SMv3 default 0321
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
Fluxnet2015

  Version:
2015

  Institutions:
The Fluxnet Community

  Source:
Data downloaded from the Fluxnet community data portal https://fluxnet.org/data/download-data/

  History:
2024-05-21: Data downloaded
2025-01-30: Converted to netcdf using https://github.com/rubisco-sfa/ILAMB-Data/blob/master/Fluxnet2015/convert.py

  References:
Pastorello, Gilberto and Trotta, Carlo and Canfora, Eleonora and Chu, Housen and Christianson, Danielle and Cheah, You-Wei and Poindexter, Cristina and Chen, Jiquan and Elbashandy, Abdelrahman and Humphrey, Marty and Isaac, Peter and Polidori, Diego and Ribeca, Alessio and van Ingen, Catharine and Zhang, Leiming and Amiro, Brian and Ammann, Christof and Arain, M. Altaf and Ardö, Jonas and Arkebauer, Timothy and Arndt, Stefan K. and Arriga, Nicola and Aubinet, Marc and Aurela, Mika and Baldocchi, Dennis and Barr, Alan and Beamesderfer, Eric and Marchesini, Luca Belelli and Bergeron, Onil and Beringer, Jason and Bernhofer, Christian and Berveiller, Daniel and Billesbach, Dave and Black, Thomas Andrew and Blanken, Peter D. and Bohrer, Gil and Boike, Julia and Bolstad, Paul V. and Bonal, Damien and Bonnefond, Jean-Marc and Bowling, David R. and Bracho, Rosvel and Brodeur, Jason and Brümmer, Christian and Buchmann, Nina and Burban, Benoit and Burns, Sean P. and Buysse, Pauline and Cale, Peter and Cavagna, Mauro and Cellier, Pierre and Chen, Shiping and Chini, Isaac and Christensen, Torben R. and Cleverly, James and Collalti, Alessio and Consalvo, Claudia and Cook, Bruce D. and Cook, David and Coursolle, Carole and Cremonese, Edoardo and Curtis, Peter S. and D’Andrea, Ettore and da Rocha, Humberto and Dai, Xiaoqin and Davis, Kenneth J. and De Cinti, Bruno and de Grandcourt, Agnes and De Ligne, Anne and De Oliveira, Raimundo C. and Delpierre, Nicolas and Desai, Ankur R. and Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo and di Tommasi, Paul and Dolman, Han and Domingo, Francisco and Dong, Gang and Dore, Sabina and Duce, Pierpaolo and Dufrêne, Eric and Dunn, Allison and Dušek, Jiří and Eamus, Derek and Eichelmann, Uwe and ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M. and Eugster, Werner and Ewenz, Cacilia M. and Ewers, Brent and Famulari, Daniela and Fares, Silvano and Feigenwinter, Iris and Feitz, Andrew and Fensholt, Rasmus and Filippa, Gianluca and Fischer, Marc and Frank, John and Galvagno, Marta and Gharun, Mana and Gianelle, Damiano and Gielen, Bert and Gioli, Beniamino and Gitelson, Anatoly and Goded, Ignacio and Goeckede, Mathias and Goldstein, Allen H. and Gough, Christopher M. and Goulden, Michael L. and Graf, Alexander and Griebel, Anne and Gruening, Carsten and Grünwald, Thomas and Hammerle, Albin and Han, Shijie and Han, Xingguo and Hansen, Birger Ulf and Hanson, Chad and Hatakka, Juha and He, Yongtao and Hehn, Markus and Heinesch, Bernard and Hinko-Najera, Nina and Hörtnagl, Lukas and Hutley, Lindsay and Ibrom, Andreas and Ikawa, Hiroki and Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin and Janouš, Dalibor and Jans, Wilma and Jassal, Rachhpal and Jiang, Shicheng and Kato, Tomomichi and Khomik, Myroslava and Klatt, Janina and Knohl, Alexander and Knox, Sara and Kobayashi, Hideki and Koerber, Georgia and Kolle, Olaf and Kosugi, Yoshiko and Kotani, Ayumi and Kowalski, Andrew and Kruijt, Bart and Kurbatova, Julia and Kutsch, Werner L. and Kwon, Hyojung and Launiainen, Samuli and Laurila, Tuomas and Law, Bev and Leuning, Ray and Li, Yingnian and Liddell, Michael and Limousin, Jean-Marc and Lion, Marryanna and Liska, Adam J. and Lohila, Annalea and López-Ballesteros, Ana and López-Blanco, Efrén and Loubet, Benjamin and Loustau, Denis and Lucas-Moffat, Antje and Lüers, Johannes and Ma, Siyan and Macfarlane, Craig and Magliulo, Vincenzo and Maier, Regine and Mammarella, Ivan and Manca, Giovanni and Marcolla, Barbara and Margolis, Hank A. and Marras, Serena and Massman, William and Mastepanov, Mikhail and Matamala, Roser and Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala and Mazzenga, Francesco and McCaughey, Harry and McHugh, Ian and McMillan, Andrew M. 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