Mean State

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Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 4.82
CanESM5 [-] 4.60 -0.224 3.91 3.02 0.867 0.319 0.510 0.503
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 4.64 -0.184 3.28 1.02 0.666 0.407 0.933 0.603
MIROC-ES2L [-] 5.93 1.11 4.29 1.53 0.721 0.284 0.837 0.532
NorESM2-LM [-] 2.82 -2.00 3.86 2.52 0.539 0.381 0.545 0.462
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.79 -2.03 3.84 3.02 0.535 0.383 0.511 0.453
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 5.11
CanESM5 [-] 9.15 4.04 7.08 0.00 0.245 0.148 1.00 0.385
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 9.05 3.95 6.52 1.02 0.254 0.154 0.933 0.374
MIROC-ES2L [-] 4.93 -0.175 3.80 0.00 0.941 0.268 1.00 0.619
NorESM2-LM [-] 7.27 2.16 5.52 0.00 0.472 0.182 1.00 0.459
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 6.21 1.11 3.56 1.02 0.681 0.310 0.933 0.558
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 2.16
CanESM5 [-] 2.21 0.0425 2.29 1.66 0.646 0.310 0.731 0.499
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.84 0.674 2.65 1.81 0.611 0.293 0.715 0.478
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.63 0.466 2.15 1.78 0.684 0.321 0.720 0.511
NorESM2-LM [-] 2.20 0.0338 2.23 2.06 0.676 0.307 0.660 0.487
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.24 0.0761 2.26 2.02 0.688 0.293 0.667 0.485
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 1.46
CanESM5 [-] 1.78 0.327 1.47 1.83 0.685 0.274 0.675 0.477
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.14 0.686 1.76 2.22 0.600 0.245 0.575 0.416
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.08 0.626 1.48 1.32 0.635 0.296 0.809 0.509
NorESM2-LM [-] 1.87 0.410 1.42 2.19 0.683 0.282 0.571 0.454
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 1.87 0.418 1.49 2.31 0.701 0.267 0.569 0.451
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 6.63
CanESM5 [-] 2.14 -4.49 5.99 0.339 0.320 0.394 0.971 0.520
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 5.62 -1.01 4.37 1.02 0.570 0.426 0.933 0.589
MIROC-ES2L [-] 6.65 0.0248 4.23 0.339 0.731 0.368 0.971 0.609
NorESM2-LM [-] 4.13 -2.50 6.02 1.02 0.528 0.274 0.933 0.502
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 3.88 -2.74 5.92 3.02 0.487 0.288 0.547 0.402
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [mm d-1]
Bias [mm d-1]
RMSE [mm d-1]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 2.00
CanESM5 [-] 2.10 0.104 2.08 1.77 0.643 0.287 0.714 0.483
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 2.70 0.698 2.54 1.90 0.574 0.262 0.678 0.444
MIROC-ES2L [-] 2.52 0.516 1.99 1.75 0.670 0.298 0.719 0.496
NorESM2-LM [-] 2.01 0.0130 1.96 2.22 0.688 0.300 0.613 0.475
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 2.15 0.148 2.06 2.16 0.705 0.269 0.647 0.472

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
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MODEL MEAN
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BIAS
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BIAS SCORE
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RMSE
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RMSE SCORE
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BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
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MODEL MAX MONTH
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DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
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Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM5
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM6A-LR
Data not available
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MIROC-ES2L
Data not available
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NorESM2-LM
Data not available
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UKESM1-0-LL
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:
2015

  Institutions:
FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  History:
Mon Oct 6 14:06:00 2025: ncatted -a coordinates,pr,c,c,lat lon /home/nate/.cache/ilamb3/0.1/pr/FLUXNET2015/pr.nc

  References:
Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:
Fluxnet variable(s) used: P_F

  Nco:
netCDF Operators version 5.3.3 (Homepage = http://nco.sf.net, Code = http://github.com/nco/nco, Citation = 10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.03.004)